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|June 15, 2013
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Mechanical force triggers a phase change in phenyl(phenyl isocyanide)gold(I) crystals, converting blue-emitting polymorphs to yellow-emitting ones. This solid-state transformation occurs without heat or solvents, behaving like molecular dominoes.

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Area of Science:

  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Materials science
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Mechanical control of solid structures and phase changes in molecular crystals is an active research area.
  • A molecular-level understanding of how macroscopic forces influence solids is still developing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of mechanical stimuli on the phase transformation of phenyl(phenyl isocyanide)gold(I) crystals.
  • To explore a novel solid-state phase transition triggered by mechanical force or seeding.

Main Methods:

  • Mechanical stimulation and solid seeding were used to initiate phase transformation.
  • Single crystal X-ray analysis was employed for characterization.
  • Photoluminescence spectroscopy monitored the transformation process.

Main Results:

  • A single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation was induced in phenyl(phenyl isocyanide)gold(I) from a blue-emitting polymorph to a yellow-emitting polymorph.
  • The transformation initiated at the point of stimulus and propagated through the crystal.
  • The process was visually monitored by the color change in photoluminescence.

Conclusions:

  • Macroscopic mechanical force can trigger solid-state phase transitions in molecular crystals.
  • The transformation proceeds via a self-replication mechanism, akin to molecular dominoes.
  • This provides a solvent-free and heat-free method for polymorph control.