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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Isolation of Human Myoblasts, Assessment of Myogenic Differentiation, and Store-operated Calcium Entry Measurement

Isolation of Human Myoblasts, Assessment of Myogenic Differentiation, and Store-operated Calcium Entry Measurement

Published on: July 26, 2017

STIM proteins, Orai1 and gene expression.

Pulak Kar¹, Anant Parekh¹

¹Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics; University of Oxford; Oxford, UK.

Channels (Austin, Tex.)

|June 15, 2013

Summary

Calcium (Ca2+) signals control cellular functions. Specificity arises from signal characteristics like size, kinetics, and location, influencing which Ca2+-dependent responses are activated.

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Biochemistry
Physiology

Background:

Cytoplasmic calcium (Ca2+) acts as a universal intracellular messenger.
Ca2+ regulates diverse cellular processes including neurotransmitter release, cell growth, and proliferation.
The specificity of Ca2+-dependent cellular responses remains a key question.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the mechanisms underlying the specificity of Ca2+-dependent cellular responses.
To elucidate how different aspects of Ca2+ signaling determine cellular activation.

Main Methods:

Review of existing evidence on Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+-binding proteins.
Analysis of Ca2+ binding affinities, kinetics, and protein localization.

Main Results:

Keywords:

NFAT calcium signaling gene expression store-operated channels transcription factor

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Ca2+ responses can be initiated by direct Ca2+ binding to targets or via intermediary proteins like calmodulin.
Ca2+-binding proteins exhibit varied affinities and binding/unbinding rates for Ca2+.
Distinct cellular locations of Ca2+-binding proteins contribute to signal specificity.

Conclusions:

The size, kinetics, and spatial distribution of cytoplasmic Ca2+ signals are critical determinants of cellular response specificity.
These signal properties dictate which Ca2+-dependent pathways are activated, their timing, and duration.