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Related Concept Videos

Boundary Conditions: Lossless Lines01:21

Boundary Conditions: Lossless Lines

Consider a single-phase, two-wire, lossless transmission line terminated by an impedance at the receiving end and a source with Thevenin voltage and impedance at the sending end. The line, with length, has a surge impedance and wave velocity determined by the line's inductance and capacitance.
At the receiving end, the boundary condition states that the voltage equals the product of the receiving-end impedance and current. This relationship is expressed as a function of the incident and...

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Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System
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Are the virtual lines created with the EnSite electroanatomical mapping system really continuous?

Thais Nascimento, Fernanda Mota, Luis Felipe Neves dos Santos

    Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia
    |June 15, 2013
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    The EnSiteNavX system creates virtual lines for atrial fibrillation ablation that accurately correspond to continuous, transmural lesions in swine models. This electroanatomic mapping system is suitable for linear ablation procedures.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Electrophysiology
    • Medical Devices

    Background:

    • Radiofrequency (RF) atrial fibrillation ablation utilizes the EnSiteNavX electroanatomic mapping system for creating linear lesions.
    • The accuracy of EnSite-guided virtual lines compared to actual pathological lesions requires evaluation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the continuity and accuracy of virtual lines generated by the EnSite system in a swine model.
    • To validate the EnSite system's capability in guiding linear ablation for atrial fibrillation.

    Main Methods:

    • Radiofrequency ablation linear lesions were created in the atria of 14 swine using 8mm and irrigated tip catheters guided by the EnSite system.
    • Animals were sacrificed 14 days post-ablation for macroscopic and histological analysis of the lesions.

    Main Results:

    • A total of 44 linear lesions were created and analyzed.
    • All created lesions demonstrated epicardial and endocardial continuity and transmurality.
    • Macroscopic examination revealed continuous lesions averaging 3.61 cm in length and 0.71 cm in depth.
    • High correlation (90.4-91.3%) was observed between virtual line placement and anatomical lesion location.

    Conclusions:

    • Virtual lines generated by the EnSiteNavX system correspond to continuous, transmural linear lesions in anatomical specimens.
    • The EnSite system is suitable for guiding linear ablation in atrial fibrillation treatment.
    • This study validates the EnSite system's precision in creating anatomically accurate lesions.