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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources01:13

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) relies on the Beer-Lambert law, which requires that the radiation source emits a narrow range of wavelengths to match the absorption characteristics of the analyte atom. The primary criteria for choosing an appropriate radiation source in AAS is to provide a precise and intense emission at specific wavelengths that will allow accurate detection of the analyte.
Two common narrow-range 'line' sources used in AAS are hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) and...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...

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Updated: May 10, 2026

An Experimental Protocol for Femtosecond NIR/UV - XUV Pump-Probe Experiments with Free-Electron Lasers
09:49

An Experimental Protocol for Femtosecond NIR/UV - XUV Pump-Probe Experiments with Free-Electron Lasers

Published on: October 23, 2018

Plasmon-enhanced-attosecond-extreme ultraviolet source.

Mattia Lupetti1, Matthias F Kling, Armin Scrinzi

  • 1Physics Department, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, D-80333 Munich, Germany. mattia.lupetti@physik.uni-muenchen.de

Physical Review Letters
|June 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new compact attosecond light source uses plasmonic enhancement for high repetition rates. This technology produces ultrashort, focusable pulses with a stable wavefront, advancing ultrafast science applications.

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Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

Published on: July 8, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Attosecond physics
  • Plasmonics
  • Laser technology

Background:

  • Generating ultrashort pulses at high repetition rates is crucial for advanced scientific research.
  • Existing methods often face limitations in compactness and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze a compact high repetition rate attosecond light source.
  • To investigate the role of plasmonic enhancement in achieving desired beam parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a standard laser oscillator.
  • Incorporating plasmonic enhancement for attosecond pulse generation.
  • Analyzing beam parameters including pulse duration and wavefront.

Main Results:

  • Predicted focusable pulses with durations under 300 attoseconds (as).
  • Achieved a spherical wavefront at collimation angles below 5 degrees.
  • Demonstrated robustness of the beam parameters against variations in driver pulse focus and duration.

Conclusions:

  • The plasmonic enhancement enables a compact, high repetition rate attosecond source.
  • The developed source offers stable and focusable ultrashort pulses.
  • This technology holds promise for various ultrafast science applications.