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Identifying knowledge-attitude-practice gaps to enhance HPV vaccine diffusion.

Elisia L Cohen1, Katharine J Head

  • 1a Department of Communication , College of Communication and Information, University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine adoption requires addressing knowledge gaps and social influences. Targeted communication strategies are crucial for increasing HPV vaccination demand among young women.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Vaccinology
  • Health Communication

Background:

  • The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine represents a significant preventive innovation.
  • Understanding factors influencing HPV vaccine adoption is critical for public health strategies.
  • Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) gaps can hinder vaccine uptake.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore differences in knowledge, attitudes, and practices between HPV vaccine adopters and non-adopters.
  • To identify KAP gaps related to the HPV vaccine in young women.
  • To inform targeted risk communication strategies for increasing HPV vaccine demand.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted 83 in-depth interviews with women aged 18-26.
  • Included both HPV vaccine adopters and non-adopters.
  • Qualitative analysis of interview data to identify themes and patterns.

Main Results:

  • Similarities in knowledge deficits about HPV and cervical cancer were observed between vaccinated and unvaccinated women.
  • Vaccinated women sometimes preceded vaccination with supportive social influences, not prior knowledge or risk perception.
  • Unvaccinated women cited low perceived personal risk, misconceptions about HPV transmission prevention, and concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy.
  • Fear regarding the HPV vaccine appeared to influence attitudes and contribute to attitude-practice gaps.

Conclusions:

  • Knowledge acquisition may follow, rather than precede, HPV vaccination behavior, particularly when supported by social networks.
  • Misconceptions and fears about HPV and its vaccine are significant barriers to uptake.
  • Targeted risk communication addressing specific concerns and leveraging social influences is necessary to improve HPV vaccine demand and close KAP gaps.