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Related Concept Videos

Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
Size and Structure of Viral Genomes01:26

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
What are Viruses?00:50

What are Viruses?

Overview
Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle01:16

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle

The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects its...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses
12:20

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses

Published on: December 29, 2015

Do RNA viruses require genome cyclisation for replication?

William B Lott1, Michael R Doran

  • 1Cells and Tissue Domain, Infectious Diseases Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. b.lott@qut.edu.au

Trends in Biochemical Sciences
|June 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dengue virus RNA genomes may form multigenome concatemers, not just single cyclised forms, for replication. These concatemers offer a solution to RNA virus challenges and aid genome transport.

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

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Generation and Assembly of Virus-Specific Nucleocapsids of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Published on: July 27, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • The dengue virus RNA genome possesses complementary 5' and 3' sequences crucial for replication.
  • Current models propose genome cyclisation via cis-acting base pairing for viral replication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alternative structural models for the dengue virus RNA genome.
  • To explore the biological relevance of multimeric RNA forms in dengue virus replication.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic analysis of dengue virus RNA sequences.
  • Structural modeling of potential RNA conformations.
  • Comparative analysis of monomeric vs. multimeric genome structures.

Main Results:

  • Alternative multimeric RNA structures, specifically noncovalent concatemers, are proposed.
  • Concatemers are suggested as more biologically plausible than single cyclised monomers under cellular conditions.
  • Concatemers offer a potential mechanism to address the challenges of single-stranded RNA viruses.

Conclusions:

  • Multigenome noncovalent concatemers represent a likely biologically active form of the dengue virus RNA genome.
  • Concatemers may provide a solution to the single-stranded RNA virus dilemma.
  • Concatemers could facilitate dengue virus genome transport from vesicles to the cytosol.