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Risk Factors for Complicated Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Disease in Children

Chia Yin Chong1, Natalie Wh Tan, Anita Menon

  • 1Department of Paediatric Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. Chong.Chia.Yin@kkh.com.sg

Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore
|June 18, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 complicated disease in children was linked to significant comorbidity and being under 2 years old. Prioritizing antiviral treatment for these high-risk groups can help prevent severe outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Singapore reported its first pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 case on May 26, 2009.
  • KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH) admitted 440 children with confirmed H1N1 by August 3, 2009.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for complicated pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 in admitted children.
  • To inform early treatment strategies during influenza epidemics with limited antiviral resources.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study of children admitted with H1N1 infection between May 26 and July 19, 2009.
  • Cases were differentiated into complicated and non-complicated groups.
  • Analysis of independent risk factors using binary logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • 143 children analyzed (48 cases, 95 controls).
  • Comorbidity (20.3%) and age <2 years (adjusted OR 9.8) were significant risk factors for complicated H1N1 disease.
  • Asthma and obesity were the most common comorbidities.

Conclusions:

  • In early epidemic stages with low oseltamivir stock, prioritize treatment for children under 2 years old or with significant comorbidity.
  • This strategy aims to prevent complicated influenza A (H1N1) 2009 disease.
Abstract

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