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Pleural effusion during acute myeloid leukemia induction chemotherapy: a perplexing case
Chandran K Nair1, Milind Kumar, Sreejith Mavila Odayoth
1Department of Hematology, Malabar Cancer centre, Thalassery, India.
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics
|June 18, 2013
Summary
A case of pneumonia with pleural effusion during chemotherapy responded to antitubercular agents, despite negative Adenosine deaminase tests. Diagnosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis was confirmed via PCR.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Oncology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Pneumonia and pleural effusion are serious complications during neutropenic phases of chemotherapy.
- Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for patient outcomes.
Observation:
- A patient undergoing induction chemotherapy developed pneumonia with pleural effusion during neutropenia.
- The pleural effusion was initially Adenosine deaminase negative, complicating diagnosis.
Findings:
- The pleural effusion showed a positive response to empiric antitubercular therapy.
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was confirmed through positive PCR testing.
Implications:
- This case highlights the importance of considering tuberculosis in patients with unexplained pleural effusions during chemotherapy, even with negative initial markers.
- Empiric antitubercular treatment may be beneficial in such challenging cases.
- Further research into diagnostic markers for tuberculous pleural effusion in immunocompromised patients is warranted.
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