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Updated: May 10, 2026

The Measurement and Treatment of Suppression in Amblyopia

The Measurement and Treatment of Suppression in Amblyopia

Published on: December 14, 2012

The relationship between anisometropia and amblyopia.

Brendan T Barrett¹, Arthur Bradley, T Rowan Candy

¹School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom. b.t.barrett@bradford.ac.uk

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

|June 19, 2013

Summary

This review explores the complex relationship between anisometropia and amblyopia, finding that while anisometropia can cause amblyopia, other developmental pathways also exist. Understanding these causes is crucial for preventing vision impairment.

Keywords:

Amblyopia Anisometropia Anisometropic amblyopia Emmetropization Refractive error Visual development

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The Measurement and Treatment of Suppression in Amblyopia

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Developmental Biology
Vision Science

Background:

Anisometropia, an unequal refractive error between eyes, and amblyopia, or 'lazy eye,' frequently co-occur in children.
The prevalence of anisometropia varies with age and refractive error magnitude, being higher in ametropic populations.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the literature and clarify the causal relationship between anisometropia and amblyopia.
To explore various developmental sequences leading to the co-occurrence of these conditions.

Main Methods:

Literature review of human and animal studies on anisometropia and amblyopia.
Analysis of developmental timelines and etiological factors.

Main Results:

While anisometropia can cause amblyopia, as seen in animal models and supported by refractive correction outcomes, other pathways exist.
Amblyopia can precede anisometropia, particularly secondary to deprivation or strabismus.
The emmetropization mechanism's failure in eliminating infantile anisometropia requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

The etiology of anisometropic amblyopia is multifactorial, with anisometropia being one potential cause among others.
Longitudinal studies of at-risk infants are needed for definitive etiological evidence.
Understanding the causal factors is essential for developing effective prevention strategies for amblyopia.