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Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...

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Updated: May 10, 2026

Synthesis of Platinum-nickel Nanowires and Optimization for Oxygen Reduction Performance

Synthesis of Platinum-nickel Nanowires and Optimization for Oxygen Reduction Performance

Published on: April 27, 2018

Tuning nanoparticle catalysis for the oxygen reduction reaction.

Shaojun Guo¹, Sen Zhang, Shouheng Sun

¹Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|June 19, 2013

Summary

Recent advances in nanoparticle (NP) synthesis enable the creation of efficient nanocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). This review covers platinum (Pt) and non-Pt NPs for fuel cells and batteries.

Keywords:

alloys core-shell nanoparticles fuel cells oxygen reduction reaction platinum

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Synthesis of Platinum-nickel Nanowires and Optimization for Oxygen Reduction Performance

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Published on: April 27, 2018

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

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Published on: December 6, 2021

A Continuous-flow Photocatalytic Reactor for the Precisely Controlled Deposition of Metallic Nanoparticles

A Continuous-flow Photocatalytic Reactor for the Precisely Controlled Deposition of Metallic Nanoparticles

Published on: April 10, 2019

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Nanoparticle (NP) synthesis has advanced, allowing precise control over size, shape, composition, structure, and catalysis.
Developing efficient nanocatalysts is crucial for energy conversion technologies like fuel cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent developments in platinum (Pt) and non-Pt based NPs as advanced nanocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).
To highlight strategies for enhancing ORR catalysis through NP parameter tuning.

Main Methods:

Shape-controlled synthesis of Pt NPs and analysis of shape-dependent ORR activity.
Studies on alloy and core-shell NPs to tune electronic (alloying) and geometric (strain) effects.
Overview of ORR enhancement using Pt-based NPs supported on graphene and ionic liquid coatings.

Main Results:

Shape, composition, and structure of NPs significantly influence ORR catalytic efficiency.
Alloying and core-shell architectures effectively tune electronic and strain effects for improved catalysis.
Support materials like graphene and ionic liquid coatings further enhance ORR performance.

Conclusions:

Advanced NP synthesis with parameter-tuning capabilities is paving the way for highly efficient catalysts.
These catalysts have potential applications in fuel cells, metal-air batteries, and other chemical reactions.