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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

Connective Tissue Cell Types

Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...

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A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data
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Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis: Potential pathophysiological role and clinical implications.

Sharmila J Dudani1, Shivani Kalhan, Sonia P Sharma

  • 1Department of Pathology, Army College of Medical Sciences, Delhi Cantt., New Delhi, India.

International Journal of Applied & Basic Medical Research
|June 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin D may reduce the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). Maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels could be a therapeutic strategy for preventing this neurological disease.

Keywords:
Immunomodulatorymultiple sclerosisvitamin D

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Nutritional Neuroscience

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex neurological disease influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
  • Vitamin D plays a crucial role in calcium metabolism and bone health, and is increasingly recognized for its immunomodulatory functions within the central nervous system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between vitamin D levels and the risk of developing multiple sclerosis.
  • To explore the potential of vitamin D as a modifiable environmental risk factor and therapeutic option for MS.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing studies examining vitamin D levels in relation to MS risk.
  • Epidemiological data correlating vitamin D intake with MS prevalence.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with the highest vitamin D levels (99-152 nmol/l) exhibited a significantly lower risk of MS compared to those with the lowest levels (15-63 nmol/l).
  • Populations with higher dietary vitamin D intake demonstrated a reduced risk of MS.

Conclusions:

  • Hypovitaminosis D (vitamin D deficiency) is identified as an environmental risk factor for multiple sclerosis.
  • Correcting vitamin D deficiency presents a potential therapeutic avenue for managing and preventing MS.