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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
10:10

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Published on: July 5, 2011

Glenoid component retroversion is associated with osteolysis.

Jason C Ho1, Vani J Sabesan, Joseph P Iannotti

  • 1Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume
|June 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glenoid component retroversion, particularly postoperative, is linked to osteolysis around the central peg in total shoulder replacement. Correcting preoperative glenoid retroversion may help prevent this loosening mechanism.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
10:10

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Published on: July 5, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Glenoid component loosening is a concern in total shoulder replacement.
  • Retroversion and eccentric loading are hypothesized contributors, but clinical data are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical correlation between glenoid component retroversion and osteolysis in total shoulder replacement.
  • To assess the impact of preoperative and postoperative glenoid retroversion on component loosening.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-six patients undergoing total shoulder replacement with press-fit pegged glenoid components were followed for an average of 3.8 years.
  • Radiographic analysis defined preclinical loosening as osteolysis around the central peg.
  • Correlation between retroversion, time, and osteolysis was assessed.

Main Results:

  • Thirty percent (20/66) of shoulders developed osteolysis around the central peg.
  • Increased time, preoperative, and postoperative glenoid retroversion correlated with osteolysis.
  • Excessive postoperative retroversion (≥15°) significantly increased the odds of osteolysis (OR=5.23).

Conclusions:

  • Osteolysis around the glenoid component's central peg is associated with component retroversion of 15° or more.
  • Further research is needed to evaluate the benefits of correcting preoperative glenoid retroversion to mitigate osteolysis.