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Engineering copolymeric artificial cornea with salt porogen.

Amelia Zellander¹, Melissa Wardlow, Ali Djalilian

¹Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A

|June 21, 2013

Summary

This study introduces a novel artificial cornea (keratoprosthesis) using a poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and poly (methyl methacrylate) copolymer with sodium chloride porogen. The engineered design promotes tissue ingrowth for improved biointegration and long-term use.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Ophthalmology
Tissue Engineering

Background:

Current synthetic keratoprostheses (KPros) often fail due to poor host integration, limiting their long-term efficacy.
Effective corneal replacement requires materials that facilitate host tissue ingrowth and maintain structural integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

To engineer a novel artificial cornea (keratoprosthesis) using a poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) copolymer.
To enhance host integration and long-term viability of KPros by incorporating a sodium chloride (NaCl) porogen for tissue ingrowth.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a core-skirt KPro model using a combination of PHEMA, PMMA, and NaCl as a porogen.
Characterization of the KPro's optical properties, mechanical stability, and biocompatibility using human corneal fibroblasts (HCFs).

Keywords:

artificial cornea kerato-prosthesis poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)poly(methyl methacrylate)skirt-core model

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Main Results:

The salt porogen KPro demonstrated mechanical stability suitable for ocular environment and implantation.
Human corneal fibroblasts successfully grew into and proliferated within the porous skirt of the KPro, indicating successful biointegration.
The central optic achieved >85% light transmission in the visible spectrum.

Conclusions:

The novel PHEMA-PMMA copolymeric salt porogen KPro offers a promising alternative for cornea replacement.
This design facilitates sufficient tissue ingrowth and mass transport, potentially minimizing the risk of corneal melting.
The engineered KPro shows potential for improved long-term performance and patient outcomes in corneal reconstruction.