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The innovation of touch-tone telephony revolutionized the telecommunications industry by replacing the traditional rotary dial with a dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling system. This system uses a matrix-style keypad with buttons arranged in four rows and three columns, creating 12 distinct signals each assigned to a pair of frequencies. Each button press results in a simultaneous generation of two sinusoidal tones – one from a low-frequency group (697 to 941 Hz) and one from a...

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Crucial design issues for special access technology; a Delphi study.

Pearl O'Rourke¹, Ray Ekins, Bernard Timmins

¹Department of Applied Technology, Dublin Institute of Technology , Dublin , Ireland .

Disability and Rehabilitation. Assistive Technology

|June 22, 2013

Summary

This study developed a method to involve assistive technology (AT) professionals in designing customizable products. The Delphi study identified key issues in special access technology (SAT) to improve product flexibility and reduce costs.

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Area of Science:

Rehabilitation Engineering
Human-Computer Interaction
Product Design

Background:

Assistive technology (AT) development often lacks direct input from professional users.
Customizable AT products require efficient methods for incorporating user feedback.
Optimizing product flexibility and reducing costs are key challenges in AT development.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and demonstrate a method for involving professional AT users in the design process of customizable products.
To leverage user participation and mass customization principles for improved AT.
To address the need for reduced product costs and enhanced product flexibility in AT.

Main Methods:

An adaptable six-question Delphi study was employed to achieve consensus among AT professionals.
The Delphi study focused on design issues within the special access technology (SAT) domain.
A modified morphological matrix was used to structure the application of study results to product design.

Main Results:

Fourteen AT professionals from Ireland and the UK participated in the study.
Consensus was reached on SAT malfunction prevalence, causes, client characteristics, user needs, desirable traits, and clinician frustrations.
The study identified critical areas for innovation and improvement in SAT.

Conclusions:

The study highlighted complexities in successful SAT adoption and identified various problems.
The Delphi approach facilitated differentiated insights and conceptualization of design solutions.
The method effectively captured and applied professional users' knowledge for customizable AT design.