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Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques

Accurate analysis of complex samples often requires advanced preparation techniques to achieve reliable and reproducible results. Samples containing inorganic or organic materials can be challenging to dissolve or decompose effectively. Standard sample preparation methods include acid digestion, fusion, dry ashing, and wet digestion.
Acid digestion with strong acids is commonly used to dissolve inorganic materials that are insoluble (do not dissolve) in water. This method can be useful for...

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Overview

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Overview

Sample preparation is an essential step in the analytical process. It involves preparing a sample so that it can be analyzed accurately. The goal is to extract the analyte, the substance you want to measure, from the sample while removing any components that may interfere with the analysis. Sample preparation techniques vary depending on the physical state of the sample.
Bulk or large solid samples are typically reduced in size using grinding, crushing, or milling techniques to increase the...

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy

To be visualized by an electron microscope, either transmission or scanning, biological samples need to be fixed (stabilized) so the electron beam does not destroy them and dried thoroughly (desiccated/dehydrated) so the vacuum does not affect them. Fixation needs to be done as quickly as possible because the sample properties will start changing as soon as it is removed from its natural environment. For example, in a tissue sample, the oxygen levels begin decreasing, causing an altered...

Tissue Homogenization and Cell Lysis

Tissue Homogenization and Cell Lysis

Tissue homogenization involves disintegrating tissue architecture and lysing cells, and is an early step in isolating and analyzing cellular components. The method used for homogenization depends on the sample type, the amount of sample available, the analyte to be obtained, and the sensitivity of the method. These methods are broadly classified as mechanical and non-mechanical methods.
Mechanical methods of tissue homogenization
These methods rely on applying external physical force to disrupt...

Fixation and Sectioning

Fixation and Sectioning

Two basic types of preparation are used to visualize specimens with a light microscope: wet mounts and fixed specimens.
The simplest type of preparation is the wet mount, in which the specimen is placed in a drop of liquid on the slide. A liquid specimen can be directly deposited on the slide using a dropper. Solid specimens, such as skin scraping, can be placed on the slide before adding a drop of liquid to prepare the wet mount. Sometimes the liquid is simply water, but stains are often added...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Preparation of Food Samples Using Homogenization and Microwave-Assisted Wet Acid Digestion for Multi-Element Determination with ICP-MS

Preparation of Food Samples Using Homogenization and Microwave-Assisted Wet Acid Digestion for Multi-Element Determination with ICP-MS

Published on: December 22, 2023

Applications of monolithic materials for sample preparation.

Tarang Nema¹, Eric C Y Chan, Paul C Ho

¹Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore; Waters Pacific Pte. Ltd., 1 Science Park Road, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore 117528, Singapore.

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

|June 22, 2013

Summary

Monolithic columns offer advantages over traditional packed columns in chromatography and capillary electrochromatography (CEC). This review highlights their latest developments, especially for analytical sample preparation.

Keywords:

Capillary columns Monolithic columns Organic–inorganic monoliths Solid-phase extraction Stationary phases

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Published on: March 20, 2018

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Preparation of Food Samples Using Homogenization and Microwave-Assisted Wet Acid Digestion for Multi-Element Determination with ICP-MS

Preparation of Food Samples Using Homogenization and Microwave-Assisted Wet Acid Digestion for Multi-Element Determination with ICP-MS

Published on: December 22, 2023

Multimodal Hierarchical Imaging of Serial Sections for Finding Specific Cellular Targets within Large Volumes

Multimodal Hierarchical Imaging of Serial Sections for Finding Specific Cellular Targets within Large Volumes

Published on: March 20, 2018

Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Chromatography

Background:

Monolithic columns are emerging as a viable alternative to traditional packed columns in liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography (CEC).
These columns offer several advantages, driving extensive research into their preparation, characterization, and applications.
A significant body of literature demonstrates their potential as substitutes for particle-packed columns.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in monolithic column technology for analytical chemistry.
To emphasize the application of monoliths in sample preparation, a critical step in analytical workflows.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent developments in monolithic column technology.
Focus on preparation techniques, characteristic evaluations, and diverse applications.
Specific emphasis on the role of monoliths in sample preparation.

Main Results:

Monolithic columns present a promising alternative to packed columns due to their inherent advantages.
Ongoing research continuously refines their preparation and characterization.
Applications span various analytical chemistry modes, with a notable focus on sample preparation.

Conclusions:

Monolithic columns are increasingly recognized as effective alternatives in chromatographic and CEC analyses.
Their application in sample preparation is a key area of development, enhancing analytical efficiency.
Continued research promises further innovation in monolithic column technology for analytical chemistry.