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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Comparative Lesions Analysis Through a Targeted Sequencing Approach

Comparative Lesions Analysis Through a Targeted Sequencing Approach

Published on: November 5, 2019

Tumour morphology predicts PALB2 germline mutation status.

Z L Teo¹, E Provenzano, G S Dite

¹Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.

British Journal of Cancer

|June 22, 2013

Summary

Minimal sclerosis in breast tumors can predict the presence of pathogenic PALB2 mutations, aiding in the identification of women who may benefit from targeted cancer risk management and therapies.

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Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors

Published on: September 20, 2016

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Comparative Lesions Analysis Through a Targeted Sequencing Approach

Comparative Lesions Analysis Through a Targeted Sequencing Approach

Published on: November 5, 2019

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors

Published on: September 20, 2016

Area of Science:

Oncology
Genetics
Pathology

Background:

Pathogenic variants in PALB2 are associated with increased breast cancer risk.
Identifying PALB2 mutation carriers is crucial for personalized cancer risk management and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if specific breast tumor morphological features can predict germline PALB2 mutation status.

Main Methods:

A systematic pathology review of breast tumors from 28 female PALB2 mutation carriers and 828 women in a population-based sample was performed.
Tumor morphology of PALB2 carriers was compared to that of 770 women without high-risk mutations.

Main Results:

Breast tumors in PALB2 mutation carriers showed a significant association with minimal sclerosis (OR=19.7, P=5 × 10⁻⁷).
Minimal sclerosis also differentiated PALB2 carriers from BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (P=0.05 and P=0.04, respectively).

Conclusions:

Minimal sclerosis is a significant histopathological predictor of germline PALB2 mutation status.
Morphological assessment of breast tumors can help identify women likely to carry PALB2 mutations, facilitating genetic counseling and management.