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Perioperative considerations of kawasaki disease
Lisa To1, Stephen T Krazit, Alan D Kaye
1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX.
Insights
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a childhood illness causing coronary arteritis. Surgical management requires careful assessment of cardiac involvement and disease pathogenesis for successful outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric cardiology
- Rheumatology
- Infectious diseases
Background:
- Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile illness in young children.
- Coronary arteritis is a key feature, leading to aneurysms, thromboembolism, and potential heart disease.
- Multisystem involvement in KD presents clinical challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical features, and treatments of Kawasaki disease.
- To outline strategies for surgical management in patients with a history of KD.
- To emphasize preoperative assessment and operative considerations for KD patients.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on Kawasaki disease.
- Discussion of diagnostic criteria and clinical manifestations.
- Analysis of treatment protocols and surgical management strategies.
Main Results:
- Standardized treatments exist for Kawasaki disease.
- Surgical intervention in KD patients necessitates thorough evaluation.
- Assessment of cardiac involvement extent is crucial for surgical planning.
Conclusions:
- While KD treatments are standardized, surgical candidates require detailed assessment.
- Understanding the degree of pathogenesis, particularly cardiac involvement, is vital for successful surgical outcomes in KD patients.
Background:
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile illness that primarily affects young children. Coronary arteritis is an important clinical feature of KD because it is associated with aneurysms and thromboembolic events that can lead to ischemic heart disease, sudden death, and congestive heart failure. KD involvement in multiple organ systems provides a potentially challenging dilemma for clinicians.
Methods:
This review discusses the pathogenesis of the disease, including diagnosis, clinical features, and treatments. An additional focus is the development of strategies for the successful surgical management of patients with a KD history, emphasizing the preoperative assessment and the operative arena.
Conclusion:
Although treatments for KD are largely standardized, patients with the disease who require surgical interventions must be properly assessed to determine the degree of pathogenesis, especially the extent of cardiac involvement.
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