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Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System

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[Galactic heavy charged particles damaging effect on biological structures].

A I Grigor'ev, E A Krasavin, M A Ostrovskiĭ

Rossiiskii Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal Imeni I.M. Sechenova

|June 25, 2013

Summary

Manned interplanetary flights pose radiation risks from galactic cosmic rays (GCR). Heavy charged particles, particularly iron ions, damage the hippocampus, impairing cognitive and operator functions crucial for mission success.

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Published on: July 3, 2015

Area of Science:

Astrobiology
Space Medicine
Radiation Biology

Context:

Manned interplanetary missions face significant radiation exposure from galactic cosmic rays (GCR).
Heavy charged particles within GCR possess high linear energy transfer, causing substantial biological damage.
The central nervous system, particularly the hippocampus, is highly sensitive to this type of radiation.

Purpose:

To propose and substantiate a concept for evaluating the radiation risk associated with manned interplanetary flights.
To investigate the biological effects of GCR heavy nuclei on central nervous system structures.
To introduce the concept of successful mission accomplishment for risk assessment.

Summary:

Galactic cosmic rays (GCR), composed of heavy charged particles, pose a significant radiation risk during manned spaceflight.
Irradiation with accelerated iron ions, simulating GCR exposure on Mars missions, induces behavioral disorders in animal models.
The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, is identified as a radiosensitive target, with damage potentially impairing higher brain functions.

Impact:

Understanding these risks is vital for ensuring astronaut health and mission success.
The findings highlight the potential for cognitive and performance deficits in astronauts due to CNS radiation damage.
This research informs the development of radiation protection strategies for future long-duration space missions.