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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side of the...
Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I

Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
The Cervical Plexus
The cervical plexus, formed by the anterior rami of the first four...
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
Muscles that Move the Forearm01:16

Muscles that Move the Forearm

The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...

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Related Experiment Videos

Elbow synovial fold syndrome.

Luis Cerezal1, Mario Rodriguez-Sammartino, Ana Canga

  • 1Department of Radiology, Diagnóstico Médico Cantabria (DMC), C/ Castilla 6, 39002-Santander, Spain. lcerezal@gmail.com

AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
|June 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Elbow synovial fold syndrome, often mistaken for lateral epicondylitis, involves the elbow's synovial plicae. Understanding its development, diagnosis, and treatment is crucial for effective patient management.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Anatomy
  • Histology

Background:

  • Synovial plicae are normal intra-articular folds within the elbow joint.
  • These plicae can become symptomatic due to inflammation or mechanical impingement.
  • Elbow synovial fold syndrome is an underrecognized cause of elbow pain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of the embryologic development, anatomy, and histology of elbow synovial plicae.
  • To elucidate the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic imaging of elbow synovial fold syndrome.
  • To outline current treatment strategies for this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of embryology, anatomy, histology, and clinical studies.
  • Analysis of imaging modalities used for diagnosing elbow synovial fold syndrome.
  • Synthesis of information on conservative and surgical management approaches.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of synovial plicae development and histological characteristics.
  • Correlation of plicae abnormalities with clinical symptoms and patient history.
  • Identification of key imaging features differentiating synovial fold syndrome from other elbow pathologies like lateral epicondylitis.

Conclusions:

  • Elbow synovial fold syndrome is an uncommon but important differential diagnosis for elbow pain.
  • Accurate clinical and imaging diagnosis is essential for appropriate patient management.
  • Distinguishing this entity from lateral epicondylitis improves treatment outcomes.