Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions

Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions

The cerebellum, also known as the "little brain," is located in the posterior cranial fossa, inferior to the tentorium cerebelli and dorsal to the brainstem. It plays a significant role in motor control, coordination, and proprioception.
Cerebellar Structure
Externally, the cerebellum features a highly convoluted surface with numerous folia (narrow ridges) separated by shallow sulci (grooves). The cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres by a thin median structure known as the vermis. The...

Indirect Motor Pathways

Indirect Motor Pathways

The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...

Brainstem

Brainstem

The brainstem, located inferior to the brain and superior to the spinal cord, serves as a bridge between the cerebrum and the spinal cord. It plays a vital role in relaying information and controlling critical life functions. It comprises three primary regions: the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
The Midbrain
The midbrain is located beneath the diencephalon and connects the cerebrum with the lower parts of the brain. The cerebral peduncles are prominent midbrain structures that house the...

Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay

Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay

The thalamus, often called “the gateway to the cerebral cortex,” is vital in processing and directing sensory and motor signals throughout the brain. Almost all inputs destined for the cerebral cortex, except for olfactory signals, are relayed through the thalamus. The thalamus is a sophisticated relay station, channeling information from various brain regions to the cerebral cortex, as well as a filter, prioritizing certain signals over others based on current physiological states or needs.

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the posterior columns...

Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview II

Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview II

Each cerebral hemisphere can be divided into three main regions. The outermost region, the cerebral cortex, is a thin layer (2 to 4 millimeters thick) made up of gray matter, consisting of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, glial cells, and blood vessels. The middle region, or white matter, is primarily composed of myelinated nerve fibers organized into three types of large tracts: association fibers, commissures, and projection fibers. Association fibers connect different areas within the same...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Revised Diagnostic Criteria for Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia-The VasCog-2-WSO Criteria.

JAMA neurology·2025

Same author

The underappreciated contribution of Oskar Fischer to the knowledge of Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration.

Dementia & neuropsychologia·2025

Same author

Physiopathological mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease: a narrative review.

Dementia & neuropsychologia·2024

Same author

Use of anti-amyloid therapies for Alzheimer's disease in Brazil: a position paper from the Scientific Department of Cognitive Neurology and Aging of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology.

Dementia & neuropsychologia·2024

Same author

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in clinical practice in Brazil: recommendations from the Scientific Department of Cognitive Neurology and Aging of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology.

Dementia & neuropsychologia·2024

Same author

Expressive amusia and aphasia: the story of Maurice Ravel.

Dementia & neuropsychologia·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Cerebellar Regional Dissection for Molecular Analysis

Cerebellar Regional Dissection for Molecular Analysis

Published on: December 5, 2020

Cerebrocerebellar system and Türck's bundle.

Eliasz Engelhardt¹

¹a Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Unit, Neurology Institute/Psychiatry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.

Journal of the History of the Neurosciences

|June 25, 2013

Summary

The cerebellum integrates cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functions via cerebrocerebellar pathways. This review examines the historical naming controversies surrounding Türck's bundle, a key cerebrocerebellar tract.

More Related Videos

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: February 4, 2022

Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum

Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum

Published on: February 15, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Cerebellar Regional Dissection for Molecular Analysis

Cerebellar Regional Dissection for Molecular Analysis

Published on: December 5, 2020

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: February 4, 2022

Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum

Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum

Published on: February 15, 2015

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neuroanatomy

Background:

The cerebellum plays a crucial role in cognitive, emotional, and behavioral integration.
Two major bundles, Arnold's bundle and Türck's bundle, connect the cerebral cortex to the cerebellum.

Discussion:

This review delves into the historical development and naming controversies surrounding Türck's bundle.
It explores the differing perspectives on whether the eponym is appropriate, considering its historical context and the researchers involved.

Key Insights:

Türck's bundle is a significant temporo-occipito-parietal-pontine projection linking the cerebral cortex and cerebellum.
Despite naming disputes, the review argues for retaining the name 'Türck's bundle'.

Outlook:

Understanding the historical context of neuroanatomical terminology is vital.
Preserving established names, even with controversies, can honor scientific contributions and mark historical challenges.