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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
The Hyoid Bone01:12

The Hyoid Bone

The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
Overview of the Skull01:08

Overview of the Skull

The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...

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The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model
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The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model

Published on: October 27, 2023

Augmented mandibular bone structurally adapts to functional loading.

J W Verhoeven1, J M Ruijter, R Koole

  • 1Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthodontics and Special Dental Care, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
|June 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study tracked bone structure changes for 10 years after mandibular onlay grafting and implant placement. Results show bone architecture becomes finer and more branched, adapting to functional loading.

Keywords:
augmentationbone graftbone structuredental implantmandibleradiology

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A Morphometric and Cellular Analysis Method for the Murine Mandibular Condyle
08:07

A Morphometric and Cellular Analysis Method for the Murine Mandibular Condyle

Published on: January 11, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Bone Regeneration

Background:

  • Onlay grafting with simultaneous mandibular implant placement is a common procedure for jaw reconstruction.
  • Understanding long-term bone structural changes is crucial for predicting implant success and graft stability.
  • Trabecular bone architecture significantly influences bone's mechanical properties and response to functional loads.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term (10-year) changes in trabecular bone structure following onlay grafting and simultaneous mandibular implant placement.
  • To analyze the micro-architectural adaptations of both the graft and the host mandible.
  • To evaluate the suitability of advanced image analysis techniques for assessing bone graft remodeling.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study involving eight patients undergoing onlay grafting and mandibular implant placement.
  • Regular collection of extraoral radiographs over a 10-year period.
  • Custom-written image analysis program to quantify trabecular bone parameters (area, perimeter, marrow cavity, skeletonization, endpoints, branching points, skeleton length, branch angle).

Main Results:

  • Observed development of a more complex and finer osseous structure in the grafted bone.
  • Increased trabecular branching and a shift towards more horizontal branch angles were noted.
  • Structural changes were most pronounced in the graft spongiosa but also evident in the graft cortex and original mandible.
  • Adaptations suggest functional remodeling in response to mechanical loading.

Conclusions:

  • The applied image analysis technique is effective for studying long-term bone graft architecture.
  • Trabecular bone undergoes significant remodeling post-grafting, adapting towards a more delicate and branched structure.
  • These architectural changes are consistent with functional adaptation to mechanical loading, indicating successful integration and stability.