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Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
Published on: July 24, 2019
Biomarkers in Parkinson's disease (recent update)
Sushil Sharma1, Carolyn Seungyoun Moon, Azza Khogali
1Saint James School of Medicine, Bonaire, The Netherlands. Sharma@mail.sjsm.org
Neurochemistry International
|June 25, 2013
Summary
Discovering new biomarkers for Parkinson
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biomarker Discovery
- Neurodegenerative Disorders
Background:
- Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder affecting aging populations.
- Cardinal motor symptoms manifest after substantial nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuron loss.
- Early and accurate diagnostic tools are crucial for timely intervention and personalized treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing and emerging biomarkers for Parkinson's disease diagnosis and prognosis.
- To highlight the potential of novel biomarkers for early detection and effective management.
- To discuss the merits and limitations of various diagnostic approaches.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on Parkinson's disease biomarkers.
- Classification of biomarkers into clinical, biochemical, genetic, proteomic, and neuroimaging categories.
- Discussion of advanced techniques like PET, SPECT, MRI, and single-cell profiling.
Main Results:
- Premotor biomarkers (e.g., olfactory dysfunction, REM sleep disorder) offer early detection potential.
- Neuroimaging and fluid biomarkers (CSF, blood) show promise for diagnosis and prognosis.
- Specific genes (e.g., pyridoxal kinase) and proteins (e.g., alpha-synuclein) are identified as key indicators.
- Novel proposed biomarkers include coenzyme Q10, melatonin, and metallothioneins.
Conclusions:
- A diverse range of biomarkers, from clinical signs to molecular markers, aids in PD diagnosis.
- Early identification of PD through preclinical biomarkers is essential for effective treatment.
- Continued research into novel biomarkers will improve personalized medicine approaches for Parkinson's disease.
Keywords:
1-methyl, 2-phenyl, 1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridineADALSANSAlpha-Syn(ko)Alzheimer’s diseaseBiomarkerCBCharnoly bodyDATDLBDiagnosisHDHuntington’s diseaseKRSKufor-Rakeb syndromeLBsLewy bodyMPTPMRIMRSMSMSAMT(dko)MT(trans)MTsPDPETPNSParkinson’s diseaseSISPECTamyotrophic lateral sclerosisautonomic nervous systemdementia with Lewy bodydopamine transportermagnetic resonance imagingmagnetic resonance spectroscopymetallothionein double gene knockoutmetallothionein transgenicmetallothioneinsmultiple sclerosismultiple system atrophyperipheral nervous systempositron emission tomographysingle photon emission tomographysyn knock outα-Synα-Synculein indexα-synculeinα-synculein index
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