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Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Techniques of therapeutic communication I: Active Listening, Sharing Observations, Validation, and Using Touch01:15

Techniques of therapeutic communication I: Active Listening, Sharing Observations, Validation, and Using Touch

The history of therapeutic communication can be traced back to Florence Nightingale, who emphasized the importance of developing trusting relationships with patients. She taught that the presence of nurses with patients results in therapeutic healing.
Therapeutic communication is not the same as social interaction. Social interaction has no goal or purpose and consists of casual information sharing, whereas therapeutic communication has a plan or purpose for the conversation. Therapeutic...
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the cochlea, a...
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
Communication01:28

Communication

Sharing information, concepts, and emotions to foster mutual understanding is communication. The sender, recipient, and transaction must be considered in this manner. The sender is the person who shares the message, the recipient is the person who receives and understands the message, and the transaction is the method used to deliver the message and the variables that affect the communication's context and surroundings. The nurse-client connection is built on therapeutic communication.
Within...
Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Loneliness Assuaged: Eye-Tracking an Audience Watching Barrage Videos
06:45

Loneliness Assuaged: Eye-Tracking an Audience Watching Barrage Videos

Published on: May 29, 2020

What do audiences do when they sit and listen?

Ana-Despina Tudor1, Sandra Poeschl, Nicola Doering

  • 1Ilmenau University of Technology.

Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
|June 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study identifies nonverbal cues of audience attention and inattention during lectures. These findings inform the creation of virtual audiences for speech anxiety (SA) training.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Communication Studies
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Speech anxiety (SA) training can enhance public speaking skills.
  • Audience attention and inattention are signaled by nonverbal cues that can spread through a group.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate nonverbal markers of attention and inattention during lectures.
  • To identify contagious nonverbal behaviors and their diffusion patterns.
  • To inform the development of virtual audiences for SA training.

Main Methods:

  • Observation of 37 university students during a 40-minute lecture.
  • Quantitative content analysis to identify attention/inattention behavior patterns.
  • Qualitative content analysis to identify contagious behaviors and diffusion characteristics.

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Main Results:

  • Identified specific nonverbal cues indicating audience attention (e.g., note-taking, eye gaze) and inattention (e.g., device usage).
  • Characterized the spatial and temporal diffusion of contagious nonverbal behaviors within the audience.

Conclusions:

  • Nonverbal audience behaviors are identifiable and contagious.
  • Findings support the creation of virtual audiences with observable audience responses (OAR) for SA training scenarios.