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Related Concept Videos

Membrane Fluidity01:23

Membrane Fluidity

Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.
Membrane Fluidity01:26

Membrane Fluidity

Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is a relatively...
Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes01:15

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at the...

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A Nanobar-Supported Lipid Bilayer System for the Study of Membrane Curvature Sensing Proteins in vitro
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Functionalized 129Xe as a potential biosensor for membrane fluidity.

Matthias Schnurr1, Christopher Witte, Leif Schröder

  • 1Leibniz-Intitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), ERC Project BiosensorImaging, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany. schnurr@fmp-berlin.de

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|June 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spin hyperpolarized xenon-129 (¹²⁹Xe) and Hyper-CEST revealed how biomembrane fluidity affects host-guest interactions. This technique maps molecular environments, offering potential for biomedical diagnostics.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Chemical Physics
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Understanding host-guest interactions is crucial for molecular recognition and drug delivery.
  • The local molecular environment, such as biomembrane fluidity, can significantly influence these interactions.
  • Spin hyperpolarized noble gases offer unique probes for studying molecular dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of local molecular environments on reversible host-guest interactions using spin hyperpolarized xenon-129 (¹²⁹Xe).
  • To apply the Hyper-CEST technique to quantify Xe-cryptophane-A dynamics in biomembranes of varying fluidity.
  • To extend this methodology for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing spin hyperpolarized xenon-129 (¹²⁹Xe) as a noble gas guest.
  • Employing the Hyper-CEST (Hyperpolarized Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer) technique to label and track Xe.
  • Applying inverse Laplace transforms to determine depolarization times in different biomembrane environments.
  • Performing MRI to map the spatial distribution of these environments.

Main Results:

  • Depolarization times for ¹²⁹Xe in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) biomembranes were determined.
  • Mono-exponential decays were observed with time constants τPOPC = 3.00 s and τDPPC = 22.15 s, indicating different fluidities.
  • Simultaneous analysis of both environments resulted in a bi-exponential decay, reflecting distinct molecular dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates the sensitivity of ¹²⁹Xe depolarization to biomembrane fluidity.
  • The Hyper-CEST technique coupled with MRI can spatially map these fluidic environments.
  • This approach provides insights into Xe saturation transfer dynamics and holds promise for biomedical diagnostics.