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Updated: May 10, 2026

MicroRNA Based Liquid Biopsy: The Experience of the Plasma miRNA Signature Classifier (MSC) for Lung Cancer Screening

MicroRNA Based Liquid Biopsy: The Experience of the Plasma miRNA Signature Classifier (MSC) for Lung Cancer Screening

Published on: October 26, 2017

Screening for lung cancer.

Renée Manser¹, Anne Lethaby, Louis B Irving

¹Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, St Andrew's Place, East Melbourne 3002, Victoria, and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. Renee.Manser@petermac.org.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

|June 25, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Lung cancer screening with chest X-rays or sputum cytology does not reduce mortality. However, annual low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening shows promise for high-risk smokers, though more data on cost-effectiveness and broader applicability are needed.

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

MicroRNA Based Liquid Biopsy: The Experience of the Plasma miRNA Signature Classifier (MSC) for Lung Cancer Screening

MicroRNA Based Liquid Biopsy: The Experience of the Plasma miRNA Signature Classifier (MSC) for Lung Cancer Screening

Published on: October 26, 2017

Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Oncology
Radiology

Background:

Population-based lung cancer screening is not widely adopted globally.
Effectiveness of sputum examination, chest radiography, and computed tomography (CT) for reducing lung cancer mortality remains unclear.
This review is an update of previous versions published in 1999, 2004, and 2010.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of lung cancer screening methods in reducing lung cancer mortality.
Investigated sputum examinations, chest radiography, and CT scanning as screening modalities.

Main Methods:

Systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials.
Included nine trials with over 450,000 participants.
Analyzed data using intention-to-screen, random-effects, and fixed-effect models.

Main Results:

Chest radiography or sputum cytology screening did not reduce lung cancer mortality.
Frequent chest X-ray screening showed a potential increase in lung cancer mortality.
Annual low-dose CT screening significantly reduced lung cancer mortality in high-risk smokers compared to chest X-ray.

Conclusions:

Current evidence does not support lung cancer screening with chest radiography or sputum cytology.
Annual low-dose CT screening demonstrates potential for reducing lung cancer mortality in high-risk populations.
Further research is needed on the cost-effectiveness and comparative harms/benefits of CT screening across diverse groups.