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Updated: May 10, 2026

Ear Plaster Therapy as a Safe and Effective Treatment for Gestational Vomiting

Ear Plaster Therapy as a Safe and Effective Treatment for Gestational Vomiting

Published on: August 4, 2023

Interventions for treating cholestasis in pregnancy.

Vinita Gurung¹, Philippa Middleton, Stephen J Milan

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

|June 25, 2013

Summary

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) may improve itching in obstetric cholestasis and reduce preterm births, but more research is needed to confirm fetal benefits. Other treatments show insufficient evidence of effectiveness.

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Ear Plaster Therapy as a Safe and Effective Treatment for Gestational Vomiting

Ear Plaster Therapy as a Safe and Effective Treatment for Gestational Vomiting

Published on: August 4, 2023

Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Pharmacology

Background:

Obstetric cholestasis is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
Current therapies are largely empiric due to poorly understood pathophysiology.
Previous reviews found insufficient evidence for interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of therapeutic and delivery interventions for cholestasis of pregnancy.
To update previous findings on obstetric cholestasis treatments.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register.
Inclusion of 21 RCTs involving 1197 women.
Independent assessment of trial eligibility, risk of bias, and data extraction.

Main Results:

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) improved pruritus in 5/7 trials and reduced total preterm births (RR 0.46).
No significant differences in fetal distress between UDCA and placebo (RR 0.67).
Limited evidence for S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) and other interventions; UDCA showed superiority over SAMe and cholestyramine for pruritus.

Conclusions:

UDCA appears to significantly improve pruritus, though the effect is small.
Evidence for UDCA's impact on fetal distress is not statistically significant; large trials are needed.
Insufficient evidence supports the effectiveness of SAMe, guar gum, activated charcoal, dexamethasone, cholestyramine, and certain traditional Chinese medicines.