Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Microbial Corrosion01:24

Microbial Corrosion

Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) is a significant form of material degradation caused by the metabolic activities of microorganisms. This phenomenon poses substantial challenges across various industries, including oil and gas, maritime, and water treatment sectors.MIC occurs when microorganisms, such as bacteria, archaea, and fungi, colonize metal surfaces, forming biofilms that alter the local electrochemical environment. These biofilms can lead to the production of corrosive...
Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA01:25

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract01:29

Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract

The human respiratory tract, comprising the upper and lower segments, serves as a critical interface with the external environment. The upper respiratory tract (URT)—including the nostrils, sinuses, pharynx, and oropharynx—is heavily colonized by microbes, while the lower respiratory tract (LRT), composed of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, was long thought to be sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed that the lungs are not devoid of microbes but act more like...
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Synthetic RNA ligands as activators of type I toxin-antitoxin systems: a novel antimicrobial strategy targeting <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>.

Chemical science·2025
Same author

Disentangling the pseudoknots of toxin translation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2024
Same author

The rise of RNA: From fundamental research to therapeutic applications.

Biochimie·2024
Same author

Preventing toxicity in toxin-antitoxin systems: An overview of regulatory mechanisms.

Biochimie·2023
Same author

CD44v3 is a marker of invasive cancer stem cells driving metastasis in gastric carcinoma.

Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association·2022
Same author

Profiling the intragenic toxicity determinants of toxin-antitoxin systems: revisiting hok/Sok regulation.

Nucleic acids research·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

A Non-Coding Small RNA MicC Contributes to Virulence in Outer Membrane Proteins in Salmonella Enteritidis
06:30

A Non-Coding Small RNA MicC Contributes to Virulence in Outer Membrane Proteins in Salmonella Enteritidis

Published on: January 27, 2021

MicroRNAs and bacterial infection.

Cathy Staedel1, Fabien Darfeuille

  • 1Univ. Bordeaux, ARNA Laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France. cathy.staedel@inserm.fr

Cellular Microbiology
|June 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial for cell development and host defense against bacterial infections. They regulate gene expression, impacting immune responses and maintaining gut health by interacting with both pathogens and beneficial microbes.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • Dysregulated miRNA expression is linked to diseases like cancer and infections.
  • miRNAs are integral to host-microbe interactions and adaptation to biotic stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of miRNA roles in host responses to bacterial pathogens and commensals.
  • To highlight specific miRNAs involved in immune defense and disease pathogenesis.
  • To explore how miRNAs mediate host-microbe interactions in human cells and animal models.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on miRNAs in bacterial infections and commensal interactions.

More Related Videos

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
09:06

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

Investigation of Microbial Cooperation via Imaging Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Bacterial Colonies Grown on Agar and in Tissue During Infection
09:49

Investigation of Microbial Cooperation via Imaging Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Bacterial Colonies Grown on Agar and in Tissue During Infection

Published on: November 18, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

A Non-Coding Small RNA MicC Contributes to Virulence in Outer Membrane Proteins in Salmonella Enteritidis
06:30

A Non-Coding Small RNA MicC Contributes to Virulence in Outer Membrane Proteins in Salmonella Enteritidis

Published on: January 27, 2021

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
09:06

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

Investigation of Microbial Cooperation via Imaging Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Bacterial Colonies Grown on Agar and in Tissue During Infection
09:49

Investigation of Microbial Cooperation via Imaging Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Bacterial Colonies Grown on Agar and in Tissue During Infection

Published on: November 18, 2022

  • Analysis of miRNA involvement in immune regulation, inflammation control, and host cell pathways.
  • Examination of miRNA-mediated effects on barrier function and intestinal homeostasis.

    • Main Results:

    • Specific miRNAs (e.g., miR-146, miR-155, miR-125, let-7, miR-21) are frequently altered during bacterial infections.
    • These miRNAs modulate immune responses, controlling inflammation and protecting against excessive immune reactions.
    • Virulent bacteria affect host cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis via cell-specific miRNA-target interactions.
    • Commensal bacteria utilize miRNA modulation to regulate intestinal barrier function and homeostasis.

    Conclusions:

    • miRNAs are critical regulators of host defense against bacterial pathogens, influencing immune responses and inflammation.
    • miRNAs also play a significant role in mediating the effects of commensal bacteria on host physiology, particularly in the gut.
    • Understanding these miRNA-mediated mechanisms offers insights into disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies.