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Related Concept Videos

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios

Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
Hallucinogens and Psychedelics01:27

Hallucinogens and Psychedelics

Hallucinogens are psychoactive substances that profoundly alter perceptual experiences, generating unreal visual and sensory images. Often referred to as psychedelic drugs — a term derived from the Greek words "psyche" (mind) and "delos" (revealing) — these substances include marijuana and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), among others. These drugs vary in intensity and effects.
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)...
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies

Treatment strategies for poisoning are a critical aspect of emergency medicine, focusing on preventing the absorption of toxins and enhancing their elimination. When a poisoning incident occurs, the first response is to halt exposure and decontaminate the patient, particularly through gastrointestinal (GI) methods if the poison was ingested.Gastrointestinal Decontamination Techniques:Activated charcoal is the cornerstone of GI decontamination. It works through adsorption, binding the toxin to...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids01:21

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison01:14

Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison

In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...
Toxidromes: Clinical Features01:30

Toxidromes: Clinical Features

Toxidromes are specific patterns of symptoms resulting from toxic substance exposure. They help in the identification and treatment of poisoning. The symptoms of each toxidrome group indicate poisoning by a certain class of chemicals or drugs.1. Sympathomimetic: Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. Symptoms include agitation, increased heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), respiratory rate (RR), temperature, and pupil size. Drugs like cocaine and amphetamines, along with tremors and...

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Updated: May 10, 2026

Rapid High-throughput Species Identification of Botanical Material Using Direct Analysis in Real Time High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
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Published on: October 2, 2016

Marijuana poisoning.

Kevin T Fitzgerald1, Alvin C Bronstein, Kristin L Newquist

  • 1VCA Alameda East Veterinary Hospital, Denver, CO, USA. kfitzgerald@aevh.com

Topics in Companion Animal Medicine
|June 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Marijuana, containing delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), can cause intoxication in dogs, with most recovering fully with supportive care. Diagnosis can be challenging, and no specific antidote exists for THC poisoning.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Toxicology
  • Pharmacology
  • Cannabinoid Research

Background:

  • Cannabis sativa, containing delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), is widely used, with increasing legalization leading to potential animal exposure.
  • Marijuana and hashish are common preparations, with THC being the primary psychoactive component affecting cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2).
  • Animal exposure typically occurs via ingestion, with a high margin of safety, but concentrated forms can be dangerous.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment of marijuana toxicosis in dogs.
  • To discuss the challenges in diagnosing THC poisoning in canines and available therapeutic options.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on canine marijuana intoxication.
  • Analysis of clinical signs, pharmacokinetic properties of THC, and receptor interactions.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic methods and supportive treatment strategies, including intralipid therapy.

Main Results:

  • Clinical signs in dogs include depression, hypersalivation, vomiting, ataxia, and hypothermia, with higher doses causing seizures.
  • THC is highly lipid-soluble, distributing to various tissues, and is eliminated via urine and feces.
  • Diagnostic tests like gas chromatography-mass spectrometry are time-consuming, and human urine tests can be unreliable for dogs.

Conclusions:

  • Canine marijuana intoxication is primarily managed with supportive care, monitoring vital signs, and symptomatic treatment.
  • No specific antidote for THC poisoning exists; intralipid therapy is a recent option for severe cases.
  • The majority of dogs recover completely from marijuana ingestion without long-term effects.