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Related Concept Videos

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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Quantitative Analysis of Dietary Vitamin A Metabolites in Murine Ocular and Non-Ocular Tissues Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
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Cholecalciferol.

Michael E Peterson1, Kerstin Fluegeman

  • 1Reid Veterinary Hospital, Albany, OR, USA. petersonkate@netscape.net

Topics in Companion Animal Medicine
|June 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) rodenticide poisoning in pets causes severe hypercalcemia, leading to systemic illness. Early decontamination and medical management are crucial for a better prognosis in dogs and cats.

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Quantitative Analysis of Dietary Vitamin A Metabolites in Murine Ocular and Non-Ocular Tissues Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
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Published on: May 4, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Toxicology
  • Small Animal Medicine

Background:

  • Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is a common ingredient in rodenticide baits, posing a significant poisoning risk to dogs and cats.
  • Accidental ingestion of human medications or contaminated pet food are less common sources of cholecalciferol toxicity.
  • Even low doses can be lethal, with severe clinical signs stemming from profound hypercalcemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the sources, clinical manifestations, diagnostic findings, and treatment strategies for cholecalciferol poisoning in companion animals.
  • To highlight the importance of early intervention in improving patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations, diagnostic tests, and treatment protocols for cholecalciferol toxicosis.
  • Discussion of the mechanism of toxicity, focusing on hypercalcemia and its effects.
  • Emphasis on decontamination, supportive care, and specific medical interventions.

Main Results:

  • Clinical signs include anorexia, vomiting, polyuria, polydipsia, dehydration, and potentially bradycardia and tissue mineralization.
  • Diagnostic confirmation involves detecting hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and low parathyroid hormone levels.
  • Effective treatment involves emesis, activated charcoal, fluid diuresis, furosemide, prednisolone, pamidronate, and phosphate binders.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are vital for managing cholecalciferol poisoning in pets.
  • Prompt decontamination and medical management can prevent severe hypercalcemia and subsequent tissue mineralization, improving the prognosis.