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Plasmodium vivax malaria presenting as acute respiratory distress syndrome: a case report
Ahmad Kashfi Ab Rahman1, Farah Nadiah Sulaiman
1Infectious Disease Clinic, Department of Medicine, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, Kuala Terengganu 20400, Terengganu, Malaysia. drakar_drfha@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Severe pulmonary involvement in malaria has been frequently reported in cases of Plasmodium falciparum infection but rarely in vivax malaria. We look at a case of a 38-year-old man living in a malaria endemic area who presented with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by P. vivax. DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed that it was not a mixed infection. After specific antimalarial therapy and intensive supportive care, the patient was discharged from the hospital. This case illustrates that P. vivax-induced ARDS is not uncommon and should be readily recognized by the treating physicians. A confirmatory test with PCR is required in order to exclude P. falciparum co-infection.
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