Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Vitamins

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...

Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches

Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches

Designing a dosage regimen, which refers to the manner of drug administration, is a complex process involving the selection of drug dose, route, and frequency. This process is underpinned by pharmacokinetic parameters derived from tests and population averages. These parameters are then tailored to patient-specific variables such as diagnosis, demographics, and allergy status. Once therapy commences, therapeutic response monitoring is critical and achieved through clinical and physical...

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).

Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants

Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants

Oral anticoagulants are vital tools in preventing and treating blood clotting disorders. This diverse class of medications can be categorized as vitamin K antagonists, exemplified by warfarin, and direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs), such as dabigatran, as well as factor Xa inhibitors, including rivaroxaban.
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...

Bioavailability Enhancement: Determination and Conceptual Approaches in Overcoming Bioavailability Problems

Bioavailability Enhancement: Determination and Conceptual Approaches in Overcoming Bioavailability Problems

Bioavailability is a critical pharmacological concept that measures the extent and rate at which an active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety enters the systemic circulation, remaining unchanged. It's a pivotal factor in determining a drug's efficacy and safety.The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) plays an essential role in drug development by categorizing drugs into four classes based on their solubility and permeability. This classification aids in understanding drug absorption...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Extension of Dupilumab Injection Intervals in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Real-World Study.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Impact of dupilumab on SNOT-22 domain and individual item scores in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Scientific reports·2025

Same author

Low-Dose Naltrexone for Severe Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Report of a Case With Two-Year Follow-Up.

Cureus·2025

Same author

Clinical effectiveness of dupilumab in CRSwNP: unaffected by baseline nasal polyp size in real-world settings.

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·2025

Same author

Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown Measures on the Incidence of Peritonsillar Abscess: A Retrospective Study.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Same author

Monoclonal Antibody Switching in Biologic Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.

Journal of clinical medicine·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Videos

Vitamins - wrong approaches.

¹ulrichkmoser@bluewin.ch

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research. Internationale Zeitschrift Fur Vitamin- Und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal International De Vitaminologie Et De Nutrition

|June 26, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Low vitamin intake increases chronic disease risk. Supplementing to recommended levels may reduce this risk, but excessive intake offers no additional benefit.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

Nutritional Science
Epidemiology
Clinical Trials

Background:

Historical nutrient deficiencies caused widespread diseases.
Observational studies link low antioxidant vitamin intake to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer risk.
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) intake levels are suggested as a threshold for risk reduction.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of correcting marginal vitamin deficiencies on chronic disease risk.
To determine if vitamin supplementation above RDA levels provides additional health benefits.
To address the limitations of observational studies by proposing a hypothesis for randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Main Methods:

Critique of existing RCT designs for vitamin supplementation studies.
Proposal for RCTs focusing on correcting deficiencies below RDA.
Analysis of observational data correlating vitamin intake with chronic disease risk.

Main Results:

Observational studies suggest insufficient vitamin intake is a risk factor for chronic diseases.
RCTs in Western countries often failed to show benefits, likely due to design flaws.
Vitamin supplements may only mitigate risks associated with inadequate intake, not provide added benefits above RDA.

Conclusions:

Chronic diseases result from multiple risk factors, including potential chronic vitamin deficiencies.
RCTs should be designed to correct deficiencies rather than test supra-nutritional doses.
Addressing vitamin shortfalls up to RDA levels is crucial for managing chronic disease risk.