Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscle Recovery and Fatigue01:24

Muscle Recovery and Fatigue

Muscle fatigue refers to the decline in a muscle's ability to maintain the force of contraction after prolonged activity. It primarily stems from changes within muscle fibers. Even before experiencing muscle fatigue, one may feel tired and have the urge to stop the activity. This response, known as central fatigue, occurs due to changes in the central nervous system, namely the brain and spinal cord. While there is no single mechanism that induces fatigue, it may serve as a protective response...
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Relaxation of Skeletal Muscles01:29

Relaxation of Skeletal Muscles

The period of muscle contraction primarily influences the duration of stimulation at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the presence of free calcium ions in the sarcoplasm, and the availability of energy or ATP to support contractions.
When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, it depolarizes the membrane and opens voltage-gated sodium channels. Sodium ions enter the cell, further depolarizing the presynaptic membrane. This depolarization causes voltage-gated calcium channels to open.
Fatigue01:21

Fatigue

Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
Energy Supply for Muscle Contraction01:25

Energy Supply for Muscle Contraction

Skeletal muscle fibers have the unique ability to switch between rest and contraction states, using different sources of ATP for energy. The contraction cycle and Ca2+ transport back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum for relaxation require significant ATP. However, the ATP reserves in muscle fibers are limited and can only sustain contractions for a few seconds. Additional ATP production becomes necessary for prolonged contractions. As a result, muscle fibers generate ATP through various sources,...
Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

Muscle Stimulation Frequency

The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Individual and combined effects of wheel running and ischemic preconditioning in protecting the rat heart from reperfusion injury.

American journal of physiology. Cell physiology·2026
Same author

Effects of acidosis and inorganic phosphate on Ca<sup>2+</sup> sensitivity of young and older adult skeletal muscle fibers.

American journal of physiology. Cell physiology·2025
Same author

Spinal excitability following sensory electrical stimulation of the upper limb.

Physiological reports·2025
Same author

Exploring the relationship between prefrontal cortex activation, standing balance, and fatigue in people post-stroke: A fNIRS study.

NeuroRehabilitation·2025
Same author

Cumulative effects of H<sup>+</sup> and P<sub>i</sub> on force and power of skeletal muscle fibres from young and older adults.

The Journal of physiology·2024
Same author

The prevalence of Black/African American individuals in concussion literature: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Frontiers in public health·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Ex Vivo Assessment of Contractility, Fatigability and Alternans in Isolated Skeletal Muscles
14:02

Ex Vivo Assessment of Contractility, Fatigability and Alternans in Isolated Skeletal Muscles

Published on: November 1, 2012

Skeletal muscle fatigue.

Jane A Kent-Braun1, Robert H Fitts, Anita Christie

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA. janekb@kin.umass.edu

Comprehensive Physiology
|June 27, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Skeletal muscle fatigue, a decline in force or power during activity, has diverse mechanisms and measurement methods. Understanding its molecular to organismal basis aids in identifying disease-related dysfunction.

More Related Videos

Measuring the Motor Aspect of Cancer-Related Fatigue using a Handheld Dynamometer
07:22

Measuring the Motor Aspect of Cancer-Related Fatigue using a Handheld Dynamometer

Published on: February 20, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Ex Vivo Assessment of Contractility, Fatigability and Alternans in Isolated Skeletal Muscles
14:02

Ex Vivo Assessment of Contractility, Fatigability and Alternans in Isolated Skeletal Muscles

Published on: November 1, 2012

Measuring the Motor Aspect of Cancer-Related Fatigue using a Handheld Dynamometer
07:22

Measuring the Motor Aspect of Cancer-Related Fatigue using a Handheld Dynamometer

Published on: February 20, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Exercise Science
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Skeletal muscle fatigue is a critical factor limiting physical performance.
  • The mechanisms underlying muscle fatigue are complex and multifaceted.
  • Understanding fatigue is essential for both athletic performance and clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define skeletal muscle fatigue and its variability.
  • To highlight the range of mechanisms and methods for studying fatigue.
  • To explore the role of fatigue in disease states.

Main Methods:

  • Examining fatigue from molecular to whole-organism levels.
  • Utilizing conceptual and technological advancements in research.
  • Evaluating muscle fatigue across various disease conditions.

Main Results:

  • Fatigue mechanisms and elicitation modes show significant variation.
  • Advances enable comprehensive analysis of fatigue.
  • Disease states reveal specific sources of muscle dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Skeletal muscle fatigue is characterized by reduced force/power output.
  • Research approaches span multiple biological scales.
  • Studying fatigue in disease provides insights into pathophysiology.