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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

Illusory speed is retained in memory during invisible motion.

Luca Battaglini¹, Gianluca Campana, Clara Casco

¹Department General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia, 8, 3513 Padua, Italy;

|June 27, 2013

Summary

Visual short-term memory precisely retains speed. Illusory speed underestimation due to contrast and size is also retained in memory during occluded motion, suggesting memory influences motion perception.

Keywords:

TTC contrast motion extrapolation remembered speed size

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Published on: May 23, 2019

Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Visual Perception
Human Memory

Background:

The brain precisely retains speed information in early visual short-term memory.
The role of this visual memory system in processing occluded motion is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if the early visual memory system is active during motion extrapolation of occluded objects.
To determine if visual memory reflects speed misperception caused by changes in target contrast and size.

Main Methods:

Experiments involved manipulating target contrast and size to induce illusory speed underestimation.
Participants' memory of speed was assessed during the extrapolation of occluded motion under various conditions.

Main Results:

Reducing target contrast or increasing target size led to an illusory underestimation of speed.
This illusory speed underestimation was consistently reflected in the memory of speed during occluded motion.
The memory effect was independent of visible speed range, trajectory length, and task type.

Conclusions:

The early visual memory system is active during the extrapolation of occluded motion.
Illusory speed perception, influenced by factors like contrast and size, is retained in visual memory.
This suggests that visual memory plays a role in how we perceive and remember motion, even when the motion is not continuously visible.