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Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...

Hiatal Hernia

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Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

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Updated: May 10, 2026

Transient Transduction of the Strobilated Forms of Echinococcus granulosus

Transient Transduction of the Strobilated Forms of Echinococcus granulosus

Published on: September 16, 2022

Primary mediastinal hydatid cysts.

Cumhur Murat Tulay¹

¹Ţhoracic Surgery Department, Şanlιurfa Education and Research Hospital, Sanlιurfa, Turkey.

Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery : Official Journal of the Association of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeons of Asia

|June 27, 2013

Summary

Mediastinal hydatid cysts are rare but important to consider in endemic areas. Surgical removal followed by medical treatment is crucial for preventing recurrence of this parasitic infection.

Area of Science:

Thoracic Surgery
Parasitology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Hydatid disease is a global parasitic infection.
Mediastinal hydatidosis is exceptionally rare, accounting for less than 0.1% of all cases.

Purpose of the Study:

To report on primary mediastinal hydatid cysts.
To highlight the diagnostic and management strategies for this uncommon condition.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 158 patients with intrathoracic hydatid cysts operated between January 2010 and December 2012.
Identification of 9 patients (5.69%) with mediastinal hydatid cysts.
Utilized chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) for diagnosis.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Transient Transduction of the Strobilated Forms of Echinococcus granulosus

Transient Transduction of the Strobilated Forms of Echinococcus granulosus

Published on: September 16, 2022

Confirmed hydatid cysts surgically and pathologically in all cases.

Identified anterior mediastinal cysts and one case with cardiac involvement (left ventricle invasion).

Performed total cyst excision in seven patients and partial pericystectomy in two; complete excision of left ventricle invasion was achieved.

Conclusions:

Mediastinal hydatid cysts are uncommon but essential in the differential diagnosis of mediastinal cystic lesions, particularly in endemic regions.
Surgical resection is the primary treatment modality.
Postoperative medical therapy (albendazole) is necessary to prevent disease recurrence.