Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects01:26

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects

Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

To make water, exoplanets might just need some pressure.

Nature·2025
Same author

Structural phase transition, equation of state and phase diagram of functional rare earth sesquioxide ceramics (Eu<sub>1-x</sub>La<sub>x</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>.

Scientific reports·2020
Same author

Implementation and application of the peak scaling method for temperature measurement in the laser heated diamond anvil cell.

The Review of scientific instruments·2018
Same author

Local structure of molten AuGa<sub>2</sub> under pressure: Evidence for coordination change and planetary implications.

Scientific reports·2018
Same author

Stakeholder influence in public sector information systems strategy implementation-The case of public hospitals in South Africa.

International journal of medical informatics·2017
Same author

Physicochemical properties of nanocomposite: Hydroxyapatite in reduced graphene oxide.

Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
09:06

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Published on: March 24, 2019

Pressure-induced frustration in charge ordered spinel AlV₂O₄.

S Kalavathi1, Selva Vennila Raju, Quentin Williams

  • 1Condensed Matter Physics Division, Materials Science Group, Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam-603 102, Tamil Nadu, India.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|June 28, 2013
PubMed
Summary

High pressure transforms the charge ordered state of aluminum vanadium oxide (AlV2O4) into a charge frustrated cubic spinel structure. This pressure-induced frustration persists even after the pressure is removed, offering new insights into material behavior.

More Related Videos

Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing
06:44

Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing

Published on: June 9, 2023

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
09:06

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Published on: March 24, 2019

Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing
06:44

Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing

Published on: June 9, 2023

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Aluminum vanadium oxide (AlV2O4) is unique as the only known spinel compound exhibiting a charge ordered state at room temperature.
  • This material transitions to a charge frustrated cubic spinel structure at elevated temperatures (above 427°C).
  • Charge frustration arises from multivalent vanadium ions in the pyrochlore lattice, relieved by vanadium clustering in the room-temperature rhombohedral phase.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of high pressure on the charge ordered state of AlV2O4.
  • To demonstrate pressure-induced charge frustration in this material.
  • To understand the structural transformations under pressure.

Main Methods:

  • High-pressure synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction studies at room temperature.
  • Utilized a diamond anvil cell to apply high pressure to AlV2O4 samples.
  • Analyzed structural changes and phase transitions induced by pressure.

Main Results:

  • The charge ordered rhombohedral phase of AlV2O4 becomes unstable under applied pressure.
  • A transformation to the charge frustrated cubic spinel structure was observed under high pressure.
  • The induced charge frustration was found to be persistent even after pressure release.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first evidence of pressure-induced charge frustration in the charge ordered state of AlV2O4.
  • The findings highlight the sensitivity of AlV2O4's electronic and structural properties to external pressure.
  • Further investigation into the role of pressure on vanadium t2g orbitals is suggested to fully understand these phenomena.