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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Published on: July 5, 2017

Motor function in the elderly: evidence for the reserve hypothesis.

Alexis Elbaz¹, Pavla Vicente-Vytopilova, Béatrice Tavernier

¹INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018 Social and Occupational Determinants of Health, Villejuif, France. alexis.elbaz@inserm.fr

|June 28, 2013

Summary

Higher education protects against the negative effects of white matter lesions (WMLs) on walking speed (WS). While education is linked to better motor function, it does not slow the rate of motor decline in older adults.

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

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Published on: July 5, 2017

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Published on: June 13, 2025

Area of Science:

Neurology
Gerontology
Public Health

Background:

The reserve hypothesis explains why brain damage doesn't always correlate with symptoms.
Most research on reserve has focused on cognitive function.
This study explores the reserve hypothesis in relation to motor function.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if education, a proxy for reserve, influences the relationship between white matter lesions (WMLs) and walking speed (WS).
To examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between education and WS.

Main Methods:

Analysis of data from 4,010 participants (aged 65-85) in the Three-City-Dijon Study.
Examined interaction between education and WMLs on baseline WS.
Used linear mixed models to study the association between education and repeated WS measures over 10 years.

Main Results:

Higher education was associated with faster baseline WS, equivalent to 7.4 years of aging.
WMLs only impacted WS in individuals with lower education levels (p-interaction = 0.026).
WS declined significantly over time, but education did not affect the rate of decline.

Conclusions:

Higher education appears to buffer the negative impact of WMLs on motor function.
Education is linked to better motor performance but not to a slower rate of motor decline.
Findings support the passive reserve hypothesis regarding motor function in aging adults.