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A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

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Published on: May 7, 2014

Adult age differences in learning on a sequentially cued prediction task.

Kendra L Seaman¹, Darlene V Howard², James H Howard

¹Department of Psychology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia. 99seaman@cardinalmail.cua.edu.

The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences

|June 28, 2013

Summary

Older adults show deficits in learning sequential relationships, impacting decision-making. The Triplets Prediction Task (TPT) reveals persistent age-related learning differences.

Keywords:

Aging Decision making Learning Prediction.

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Last Updated: May 1, 2026

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Published on: May 7, 2014

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Published on: June 30, 2020

Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience of Aging

Background:

Adaptive behavior depends on learning environmental relationships and making predictions.
Aging research indicates deficits in sequential learning may explain age-related decision-making differences.

Purpose of the Study:

Introduce the Triplets Prediction Task (TPT) to assess sequential relationship learning.
Investigate age-related differences in learning and prediction.

Main Methods:

Participants viewed two visual cues and predicted a subsequent target.
The TPT involved an 85% predictive relationship between the first cue and target.
Learning was assessed across training sessions.

Main Results:

Both age groups learned the task, but deficits in older adults emerged early and persisted.
Significant age differences in performance were observed throughout training.
Evidence suggests distinct learning system engagement between age groups.

Conclusions:

Findings align with prior research on learning and prediction in aging.
Results support the literature on adult age differences in decision-making from experience.