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Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...

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Updated: May 10, 2026

Use of Two Intracorporeal Ventricular Assist Devices As a Total Artificial Heart

Use of Two Intracorporeal Ventricular Assist Devices As a Total Artificial Heart

Published on: May 11, 2018

Optimal initial palliation for patients with functionally univentricular hearts.

Carl Lewis Backer¹, Hyde M Russell, Barbara J Deal

¹Division of Cardiovascular-Thoracic Surgery, Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA.

World Journal for Pediatric & Congenital Heart Surgery

|June 28, 2013

Summary

This review details optimal initial palliation strategies for infants with a univentricular heart. Early surgical intervention is crucial to prevent complications and ensure better outcomes for complex congenital heart disease.

Keywords:

Fontan congenital heart disease functionally univentricular heart palliation

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Use of Two Intracorporeal Ventricular Assist Devices As a Total Artificial Heart

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Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease

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Published on: July 18, 2014

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Cardiology
Congenital Heart Surgery
Neonatal Intensive Care

Background:

Functionally univentricular heart (UVH) presents complex challenges in neonatal care.
Optimal initial palliation is critical to prevent systemic outflow and pulmonary vein obstruction.
Suboptimal palliation can complicate subsequent surgical interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline optimal initial palliative strategies for neonates with UVH.
To provide evidence-based recommendations for early surgical management.
To improve long-term outcomes for children with UVH.

Main Methods:

Review of palliative techniques including pulmonary artery banding, modified Blalock-Taussig shunt, Damus-Kaye-Stansel procedure, modified Norwood, hybrid, and early bidirectional Glenn.
Analysis of clinical experience with nearly 200 patients undergoing Fontan procedures.
Evaluation of outcomes in 130 patients with Fontan conversion and arrhythmia surgery.

Main Results:

Specific palliative techniques are associated with improved outcomes in UVH patients.
Early intervention strategies mitigate risks of obstruction and surgical complications.
Experience with Fontan procedures and conversions informs palliation recommendations.

Conclusions:

Optimal initial palliation significantly impacts the success of further surgical interventions for UVH.
A tailored approach to palliation, considering various surgical techniques, is essential.
Recommendations are based on extensive clinical experience with complex Fontan pathway management.