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Updated: May 10, 2026

Technique of Conjunctival Biopsy and Direct Immunofluorescence for Diagnosing Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
Published on: June 17, 2025
RETRACTED: Bullous pemphigoid: associations and management guidelines: facts and controversies
Eleonora Ruocco1, Ronni Wolf2, Stefano Caccavale1
1Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, via S. Pansini, 5 - 80131 Naples, Italy.
Abstract:
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor following the discovery that the text overlaps significantly with sections of several articles that are cited in the reference section, including the following: Culton DA, Diaz LA. Treatment of subepidermal immunobullous diseases. Clin Dermatol 2012;30:95–102. Meurer M. Immunosuppressive therapy for autoimmune bullous diseases. Clin Dermatol 2012;30:78–83. Ljubojevic S, Lipozencic J. Autoimmune bullous diseases associations. Clin Dermatol 2012;30:17–33. Sehgal VN, Verma. Leflunomide: dermatologic perspective. J Dermatolog Treat 2013;24:89–95. Gürcan HM, Ahmed AR. Analysis of current data on the use of methotrexate in the treatment of pemphigus and pemphigoid. Br J Dermatol 2009;16:723–31. Chen YJ, Wu CY, Lin MW, et al. Comorbidity profiles among patients with bullous pemphigoid: a nationwide population-based study. Br J Dermatol 2011;165:593–9
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