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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

Published on: November 15, 2013

Candy Wrapper for the Earth's inner core.

M Mattesini¹, A B Belonoshko, H Tkalčić

¹Departamento de Física de la Tierra, Astronomía y Astrofísica I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. mmattesi@ucm.es

Scientific Reports

|June 29, 2013

Summary

This study reveals a complex, mosaic-like structure within Earth's inner core. Different iron crystal arrangements explain the observed hemispherical anisotropy and seismic travel-time data.

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

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Published on: November 15, 2013

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions

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Sediment Core Sectioning and Extraction of Pore Waters under Anoxic Conditions

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Published on: March 7, 2016

Area of Science:

Geophysics
Seismology
Mineral Physics

Background:

Seismic data reveal complex structures and anisotropy in Earth's inner core.
Dynamic mechanisms are proposed to explain these seismological observations.

Purpose of the Study:

Re-investigate inner core hemispherical dichotomy and anisotropy.
Bridge seismic observations (PKP(bc-df) travel-times) with first-principles iron elastic properties.

Main Methods:

Utilized PKP(bc-df) differential travel-time data.
Employed first-principles calculations for iron (bcc/hcp) elastic properties.
Introduced the 'Candy Wrapper' velocity model.

Main Results:

Proposed a dynamic inner core model with eastward material drift.
Demonstrated that different iron crystal shapes stabilize in the two hemispheres.
Showed seismological data align with a mosaic-like inner core structure.

Conclusions:

The western hemisphere exhibits anisotropic properties due to distinct iron crystal patches.
The eastern hemisphere shows weak anisotropy, composed of indistinguishable iron phases.
The 'Candy Wrapper' model provides a dynamic explanation for inner core heterogeneity.