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Multilayered electrospun scaffolds for tendon tissue engineering.

Abby Chainani1, Kirk J Hippensteel, Alysha Kishan

  • 11 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina.

Tissue Engineering. Part A
|July 2, 2013
PubMed
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Tendon-derived extracellular matrix (TDM) coatings on electrospun scaffolds promote rotator cuff tendon healing. TDM enhanced collagen production and cell infiltration, suggesting improved tissue regeneration for rotator cuff tears.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Full-thickness rotator cuff tears cause significant pain and functional loss, especially in older adults.
  • Current surgical repair outcomes are limited by high retear rates and poor healing.
  • Existing extracellular matrix scaffolds show limited capacity to enhance tendon regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate tendon-derived extracellular matrix (TDM)-coated electrospun scaffolds for rotator cuff tendon tissue engineering.
  • To compare TDM coatings against fibronectin (FN) and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) controls.
  • To evaluate scaffold potential for enhancing human adipose stem cell (hASC) tenogenic differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of multilayered poly(ɛ-caprolactone) electrospun scaffolds.

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  • Coating scaffolds with TDM, FN, or PBS.
  • Seeding scaffolds with hASCs and culturing for 28 days without growth factors.
  • Assessing cell infiltration, protein content, gene expression, and mechanical properties.

    • Main Results:

    • TDM-coated scaffolds showed the highest collagen content by day 28.
    • Cell infiltration occurred through the full scaffold thickness in all groups.
    • TDM coatings enhanced type I collagen expression compared to FN and PBS groups.
    • Yield strain increased over time, indicating improved scaffold mechanical adaptability.

    Conclusions:

    • Nonaligned multilayered electrospun scaffolds support tenogenic differentiation of hASCs.
    • TDM coatings show potential to improve rotator cuff tendon repair by promoting key aspects of differentiation.
    • These findings suggest TDM-coated scaffolds as a promising strategy for rotator cuff tissue engineering.