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Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...
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Updated: May 10, 2026

Nucleoside Triphosphates - From Synthesis to Biochemical Characterization
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Published on: April 3, 2014

Cyclotide biosynthesis.

David J Craik1, Uru Malik

  • 1Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia. d.craik@imb.uq.edu.au

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
|July 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cyclotides are stable plant peptides with a unique cyclic cystine knot structure. Recent studies explore their biosynthesis, focusing on the post-translational backbone cyclization mechanism.

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Published on: July 26, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Plant Science

Background:

  • Cyclotides are a class of bioactive macrocyclic peptides found in plants.
  • They possess remarkable stability due to a cyclic cystine knot structure with three disulfide bonds.
  • This structure offers potential as a framework for protein engineering and drug design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biosynthesis of cyclotides.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of post-translational backbone cyclization in cyclotides.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies on cyclotide biosynthesis.
  • Analysis of the molecular mechanisms underlying backbone cyclization.

Main Results:

  • Cyclotides are ribosomally synthesized in various plant tissues.
  • The study highlights the intricate process of post-translational modification leading to backbone cyclization.
  • Understanding this mechanism is key to harnessing cyclotides.

Conclusions:

  • The unique structure and stability of cyclotides make them promising candidates for biotechnological applications.
  • Further research into cyclotide biosynthesis can unlock their full potential in drug design and protein engineering.