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Updated: May 10, 2026

Isolation of Fidelity Variants of RNA Viruses and Characterization of Virus Mutation Frequency

Isolation of Fidelity Variants of RNA Viruses and Characterization of Virus Mutation Frequency

Published on: June 16, 2011

Review: Evaluation of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Control Using Fault Tree Analysis.

N Isoda¹, M Kadohira, S Sekiguchi

¹SAFOSO AG, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

|July 2, 2013

Summary

A new fault tree framework helps improve foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) control strategies. This tool identifies weaknesses in outbreak response, enhancing preparedness and minimizing economic losses from FMD.

Keywords:

fault tree foot-and-mouth disease

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Area of Science:

Veterinary epidemiology
Risk management
Animal disease control

Background:

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks cause significant economic losses and animal welfare issues.
Existing contingency plans for FMD outbreaks are often insufficient, prompting a need for improved preparedness.
Learning from past FMD outbreaks is crucial for enhancing future control measures.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a generic fault tree framework for effective foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreak control.
To provide a basis for systematic improvement and refinement of FMD control activities and general preparedness.
To assist risk managers in identifying and analyzing factors that delay rapid and effective disease control.

Main Methods:

Utilized fault tree analysis, a method commonly used in engineering to identify failure pathways.
Developed a generic fault tree applicable to FMD outbreak control, which can be tailored to specific country needs.
Applied and refined the fault tree using data from past FMD outbreaks, such as the 2001 UK outbreak and its subsequent application to the 2007 outbreak.

Main Results:

The fault tree framework effectively identifies critical control points and potential delays in FMD outbreak response.
The generic fault tree was successfully adapted for specific FMD outbreaks, demonstrating its flexibility.
Analysis of past outbreaks using the fault tree provided insights into the refinement of control measures over time.

Conclusions:

The developed fault tree framework offers a systematic approach to enhance FMD control strategies and preparedness.
It empowers risk managers to identify weaknesses in control systems and optimize strategies for rapid disease containment.
Widespread application of this fault tree framework can contribute to improved global FMD control measures.