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Published on: September 7, 2018
Proton-density fat fraction and simultaneous R2* estimation as an MRI tool for assessment of osteoporosis
Jens-Peter Kühn1, Diego Hernando, Peter J Meffert
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University Greifswald, Sauerbruch-Strasse 1, 17489, Greifswald, Germany, kuehn@uni-greifswald.de.
Objective:
To investigate multi-echo chemical shift-encoded MRI-based mapping of proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and fat-corrected R2* in bone marrow as biomarkers for osteoporosis assessment.
Methods:
Fifty-one patients (28 female; mean age 69.7 ± 9.0 years) underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). On the basis of the t score, 173 valid vertebrae bodies were divided into three groups (healthy, osteopenic and osteoporotic). Three echo chemical shift-encoded MRI sequences were acquired at 3 T. PDFF and R2* with correction for multiple-peak fat (R2*MP) were measured for each vertebral body. Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc analysis were performed to evaluate differences between groups. Further, the area under the curve (AUC) for each technique was calculated using logistic regression analysis.
Results:
On the basis of DXA, 92 samples were normal (53 %), 47 osteopenic (27 %) and 34 osteoporotic (20 %). PDFF was increased in osteoporosis compared with healthy (P = 0.007). R2*MP showed significant differences between normal and osteopenia (P = 0.004), and between normal and osteoporosis (P < 0.001). AUC to differentiate between normal and osteoporosis was 0.698 for R2*MP, 0.656 for PDFF and 0.74 for both combined.
Conclusion:
PDFF and R2*MP are moderate biomarkers for osteoporosis. PDFF and R2*MP combination might improve the prediction in differentiating healthy subjects from those with osteoporosis.
