Coronary stenting in a patient with single coronary artery and double-vessel disease!

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Interventional Cardiology
• Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

• Single coronary artery (SCA) is a rare congenital anomaly with a prevalence of 0.024%-0.066%.
• SCAs are typically asymptomatic, making symptomatic cases noteworthy.
• Atherosclerotic disease in anomalous coronary arteries presents unique challenges.

Observation:

• A 52-year-old female presented with exertional angina (Class II).
• Coronary angiography revealed an anomalous single coronary artery originating from the left coronary sinus.
• The anomalous artery had significant stenoses in its left anterior descending and circumflex branches.

Findings:

• Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was successfully performed on the stenosed segments of the anomalous single coronary artery.
• Following PCI, the patient's exertional angina symptoms resolved.
• This case demonstrates the feasibility of treating atherosclerotic disease within a single coronary artery system.

Implications:

• Intervention on rare coronary anomalies like SCA requires careful consideration of anatomical variations.
• Successful PCI in this case suggests that standard interventional techniques can be adapted for SCA.
• Further research into optimal management strategies for atherosclerotic disease in SCA patients is warranted.