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Updated: May 10, 2026
07:15
Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
Published on: August 23, 2024
Glomerular diseases: membranous nephropathy--a modern view
Claudio Ponticelli1, Richard J Glassock
1Division of Nephrology, IRCCS Humanitas Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy, †David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California.
Summary
Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an autoimmune kidney disease. Treatment options like steroids, immunosuppressants, and rituximab can induce remission and preserve kidney function in many patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Autoimmunology
- Glomerular Diseases
Background:
- Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an autoimmune disorder causing nephrotic syndrome and potential end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
- Idiopathic MN involves autoantibodies targeting the M-type phospholipase A2 receptor 1 on podocytes.
- The disease course varies, with spontaneous remissions occurring but some patients requiring intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (MN).
- To discuss the natural course and treatment strategies for MN.
- To evaluate the efficacy and side effects of various therapeutic regimens.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on idiopathic MN.
- Analysis of treatment outcomes for different therapeutic agents.
- Assessment of spontaneous remission rates and disease progression factors.
Main Results:
- Asymptomatic non-nephrotic proteinuria generally requires conservative management.
- Persistent nephrotic syndrome or declining renal function indicates a need for specific treatment.
- Cyclical glucocorticoids with cytotoxic agents, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, ACTH, and rituximab show potential for inducing remission.
- Mycophenolate mofetil may be beneficial with steroids; relapses are common with calcineurin inhibitors.
- Treatment in moderate renal insufficiency is possible but associated with significant side effects.
Conclusions:
- Idiopathic MN is a treatable condition for many patients.
- Treatment selection depends on disease severity and patient factors.
- Careful consideration of efficacy and side effect profiles is crucial for managing MN.
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