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Related Concept Videos

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
What is the Skeletal System?01:02

What is the Skeletal System?

Overview
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects
07:35

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects

Published on: April 11, 2012

Florid osseous dysplasia.

Ravi Prakash Sasankoti Mohan1, Sankalp Verma, Udita Singh

  • 1Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Kothiwal Dental College & Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. sasan_ravi@rediffmail.com

BMJ Case Reports
|July 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Florid osseous dysplasia (FOD) is a rare cemento-osseous lesion where bone is replaced by dense tissue. This article details a case of FOD in a 35-year-old woman, highlighting its characteristics.

Area of Science:

  • Oral pathology
  • Dental radiology
  • Bone biology

Background:

  • Florid osseous dysplasia (FOD) is a rare, aggressive variant of cemento-osseous lesions.
  • It involves the replacement of normal cancellous bone with dense, acellular cemento-osseous tissue.
  • FOD is considered a widespread manifestation of periapical cemental dysplasia (PCD).

Observation:

  • The definition of FOD is based on the extent of periapical cemental dysplasia (PCD) lesions.
  • Diagnosis of FOD is considered when PCD affects three to four quadrants or is extensive within a single jaw.
  • This article presents a clinical case report of FOD.

Findings:

  • The case involves a 35-year-old female patient.
  • Detailed clinical and radiographic findings of the FOD case are presented.

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  • Histopathological analysis confirmed the dense, acellular cemento-osseous tissue characteristic of FOD.

    • Implications:

    • Understanding the diagnostic criteria for FOD is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
    • This case report contributes to the literature on rare cemento-osseous lesions.
    • Further research may elucidate the pathogenesis and optimal treatment strategies for FOD.