Periocular capillary hemangioma: management practices in recent years

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pediatric Medicine
• Dermatology

Background:

• Capillary hemangiomas are common benign vascular tumors in infants.
• Periocular involvement can lead to significant visual impairment and cosmetic concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review management strategies for eyelid and orbital capillary hemangiomas.
• To analyze treatment outcomes in a pediatric case series.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective chart review of 16 pediatric cases with periocular capillary hemangiomas.
• Analysis of patient demographics, clinical presentation, imaging findings, and treatment modalities.
• Evaluation of visual acuity, refractive error, and amblyopia development.

Main Results:

• The majority of patients were female infants with upper eyelid or orbital lesions.
• Amblyopia occurred in 25% of cases, particularly with upper eyelid/superior orbit involvement.
• 56% were managed conservatively, while 44% received pharmacologic or combined treatments.

Conclusions:

• Conservative management and amblyopia therapy are crucial for preserving vision.
• Extensive lesions impacting the visual axis necessitate multimodal treatment to prevent visual deficits.
• Prompt intervention improves visual outcomes in children with periocular capillary hemangiomas.