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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
Overview of the Skull01:08

Overview of the Skull

The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
07:26

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

Published on: August 22, 2022

Bilateral bifid mandibular canal.

Mahnaz Sheikhi1, Hamid Badrian, Sajad Ghorbanizadeh

  • 1Torabinejad Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Dental Research Journal
|July 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Bifid mandibular canals are anatomical variations that can complicate dental procedures. Early diagnosis is crucial for successful anesthesia, implant placement, and mandibular surgery.

Keywords:
Bifid mandiular canalcone beam computed tomographyinferior alveolar nervelocal anesthesia

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Lateral Molar Approach-Driven Transoral Endoscopic Procedure for Benign Infratemporal Fossa Tumor Resection

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Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • The mandible, or lower jawbone, contains the mandibular canal, a vital anatomical structure.
  • Variations in mandibular canal anatomy can impact surgical and anesthetic procedures.
  • Bifid mandibular canal is a recognized anatomical variation requiring attention.

Observation:

  • The bifid mandibular canal presents as a division of the normal mandibular canal.
  • This anatomical anomaly can occur in various patterns within the mandible.
  • Identifying this variation is essential for specific dental interventions.

Findings:

  • The presence of a bifid mandibular canal can lead to challenges in administering mandibular anesthesia.
  • It may complicate the extraction of the lower third molar.
  • This variation necessitates careful consideration during the placement of dental implants and other mandibular surgeries.

Implications:

  • Accurate diagnosis of bifid mandibular canal improves patient safety during dental procedures.
  • Knowledge of this variation aids in preventing complications associated with anesthesia and surgery.
  • Radiographic identification of bifid mandibular canals is critical for successful oral surgery outcomes.