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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

fMRI Mapping of Brain Activity Associated with the Vocal Production of Consonant and Dissonant Intervals
11:15

fMRI Mapping of Brain Activity Associated with the Vocal Production of Consonant and Dissonant Intervals

Published on: May 23, 2017

Revisiting the innate preference for consonance.

Judy Plantinga1, Sandra E Trehub1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Toronto.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|July 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infants do not show an innate preference for consonant sounds. Familiarity, not inborn traits, likely explains the Western preference for consonant musical intervals.

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Area of Science:

  • Auditory Perception
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Music Cognition

Background:

  • The origin of the Western preference for consonant musical intervals is debated, with some researchers proposing an innate basis.
  • Previous studies suggested that infants prefer consonant over dissonant sounds, implying an innate preference.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether 6-month-old infants possess an innate preference for consonant auditory stimuli.
  • To explore the role of familiarity in the development of sound preferences in infants.

Main Methods:

  • Six-month-old infants were exposed to consonant and dissonant auditory stimuli in controlled listening experiments.
  • Experiment 1 and 2 involved presenting pairs of consonant/dissonant stimuli to assess listening preferences.
  • Experiment 3 tested infants' responses after short-term exposure to either consonant or dissonant sounds.

Main Results:

  • Infants in Experiments 1 and 2 did not show a significant preference for consonant over dissonant stimuli.
  • In Experiment 3, infants listened longer to the familiar stimulus after a brief exposure period, regardless of whether it was consonant or dissonant.

Conclusions:

  • The findings contradict the hypothesis of an innate preference for consonant sounds in Western infants.
  • Short-term auditory familiarity appears to be a significant factor influencing infants' sound preferences.
  • Familiarity, rather than innate predisposition, may underlie the development of the Western preference for consonant intervals.